| 摘要: |
| 目的:了解宁波市肺炎链球菌(SP)流行及其耐药情况,为临床合理用药提供依据。方法:采用回顾性分析方法,收集2012年1月至2015年12月宁波市妇女儿童医院住院患儿139份SP菌株,分析不同年龄、不同时间、不同季节的感染情况,采用纸片扩散法及E-test法进行抗菌药物敏感试验,按CLSI判断标准分析药敏结果。结果:在分离的139株SP中, 2岁以下儿童
最多,占66.2%,从季节来看冬季最多,占52.5%,从时间上比较, 2015年分离SP菌株最多。SP对青霉素、克林霉素、红霉素、
头孢曲松、头孢噻肟、万古霉素、左氧氟沙星的耐药率分别为30.9%、89.9%、92.1%、16.5%、15.1%、0.0%、5.0%。结论:宁波市儿童SP感染以2岁以下婴幼儿为主,冬季最多, SP感染有增多趋势;青霉素及第三代头孢菌素可作为治疗SP感染的首选药物; SP对红霉素、克林霉素的耐药率极高,不适合用于SP的治疗;未发现万古霉素耐药菌株。临床应依据药敏结果选择合适的抗菌药物。 |
| 关键词: 儿童 肺炎链球菌 流行病学 抗生素 耐药性 |
| DOI：doi:10.13407/j.cnki.jpp.1672-108X.2016.08.015 |
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| 基金项目: |
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| Clinical Epidemiology and Antibiotic Resistance Analysis of Streptococcus Pneamoniae Isolated from Infected Children in Ningbo |
| Chen Jiong, Chen Yaping |
| (Ningbo Women and Children's Hospital, Zhejiang Ningbo 315012, China) |
| Abstract: |
| Objective: To investigate the clinical epidemiological trend and antibiotic resistance of Streptococcus pneamoniae (SP) isolated from infected children in Ningbo, and to provide evidence for clinical use of antibiotics. Methods: A total of 139 clinical SP isolates from infected children in Ningbo Women and Children’s Hospital from January, 2012 to December, 2015 were collected and retrospectively analyzed. Epidemiological distributions of age, season and year were analyzed to achieve clinical epidemiology data of SP infected children. The antibiotic sensitivity was done by Kirby-Bauer method and E-test, and all results were in strict accordance with the rules of CLSI. Results: A total of 139 SP isolates were obtained, 66.2% of which were isolated from infected children under 2 years old, 52.5% infections occurred in winter. There were 52 infections occurred in 2015, more than other years. The resistance rates of 139 SP strains to penicillin, clindamycin, erythromycin, ceftriaxone, cefotaxime, vancomycin, levofloxacin were 30.9%, 89.9%, 92.1%, 16.5%, 15.1%, 0.0%, 5.0% respectively. Conclusion: The majority of infected children were under 2 years old, and infections occur mostly in winter. SP infection is increasing year by year. Penicillin and the third generation cephalosporins can be the preferred drug for the treatment of common SP infection. Erythromycin and clindamycin are not suitable for the treatment of SP infection because of high resistance rate. No vancomycin resistant strain was found. Appropriate antibiotics should be selected for the treatment of infection according to drug sensitivity. |
| Key words: children Streptococcus pneamoniae epidemiology antibiotics drug resistance |
