| 摘要: |
| 目的：比较四种镇静药物应用于小儿癫痫核磁共振（MRI）检查时的有效性与安全性。方法：选取我院2015年3月至2018年3月收治的3~12岁小儿癫痫患者320例，根据核磁共振检查日期先后入组，分别给予4种镇静药物使用方案（水合氯醛、右美托咪定、地西泮和咪达唑仑）进行MRI成像质量，镇静过程及生理指标评价。结果：四组镇静药物中，右美托咪定组MRI检查质量（72例）和不充分镇静（16例）明显优于水合氯醛组（28例，60例）、地西泮组（40例，44例）和咪达唑仑组（52例，20例）（P<0.05），右美托咪定组起效时间[（17.5±3.9）min]短于水合氯醛组[（35.6±6.8）min]、地西泮组[（25.5±5.7）min]和咪达唑仑组[（36.1±7.9）]min（P<0.05）。四组患者镇静期间平均动脉压、心率和呼吸机频率均低于镇静前（P<0.05）。结论：四种镇静药物均可以用于癫痫患儿MRI检查，但要加强监测，右美托咪定在提供充分镇静，较高的影像质量方面有一定优势，且无血流动力学和呼吸方面的影响。 |
| 关键词: 小儿癫痫 MRI检查 镇静药 |
| DOI：10.13407/j.cnki.jpp.1672-108X.2021.02.010 |
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| 基金项目: |
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| Comparison of Four Sedatives in Epileptic Children Undergoing Magnetic Resonance Imaging Examination |
| Tian Liang, Gong Deshan |
| (Shanghai Neuromedical Center, The Ninth Clinical Medical College, Qingdao University , Shanghai 200331,China) |
| Abstract: |
| Objective: To compare the efficacy and safety of four sedatives for epileptic children undergoing magnetic resonance imaging examination. Methods: Totally 320 epileptic children (from 3 to 12 years old) admitted into our hospital from Mar. 2015 to Mar. 2018 were extracted. According to the sequential time of MRI examination, all patients were enrolled and given four sedative drug regimens (chloral hydrate, dexmedetomidine, diazepam and midazolam) to evaluate the MRI imaging quality, sedation process and physiological indexes. Results: Among the four groups, the quality of MRI examination (72 cases) and inadequate sedation (16 cases) in the dexmedetomidine group were significantly better than those in the chloral hydrate group (28 cases, 60 cases), diazepam group (40 cases, 44 cases) and midazolam group (52 cases, 20 cases), with statistically significant differences (P<0.05). The onset time of dexmedetomidine group (17.5±3.9) min was shorter than that of chloral hydrate group (35.6±6.8) min, diazepam group (25.5±5.7) min and midazolam group (36.1±7.9)min (P<0.05). The average arterial pressure, heart rate and ventilator frequency of four groups during sedation were lower than those before sedation (P<0.05). Conclusion: Four sedatives can be used for MRI examination in children with epilepsy, yet dexmedetomidine has certain advantages in providing more adequate sedation and higher image quality, and has no effects on hemodynamics and respiration. |
| Key words: children epilepsy magnetic resonance imaging examination sedatives |
