| 摘要: |
| [摘要]目的：探讨惠州地区儿童流感嗜血杆菌的分布特点及其耐药性，为临床合理用药提供参考。方法：回顾性分析惠州市妇幼保健计划生育服务中心自2017年1月到2019年3月475株流感嗜血杆菌的分布情况，采用K-B法行药敏试验。结果：临床流感嗜血杆菌的感染主要以儿科病区为主，高达98.31%。标本类型以痰液为主，达97.89%。流行时间有明显规律性，且与以往报道不同，主要集中在每年3~6月。流感嗜血杆菌对氨苄西林、头孢呋辛耐药率逐年上升，由2017年的58.15%、33.70%逐渐上升到2019年第1季度的78.57%、62.50%（P<0.05）。流感嗜血杆菌对头孢曲松耐药率逐年上升，由2017年的 5.43%上升到2019年的19.64%（P<0.05）。对复方磺胺甲恶唑耐药率较高，但有下降趋势。对美罗培南、左氧氟沙星敏感性较高。结论：根据流感嗜血杆菌时间分布规律可以更好的经验性诊断儿童感染的病原菌，流感嗜血杆菌的耐药分析可以更好的指导临床合理用药。 |
| 关键词: 流感嗜血杆菌 耐药性 合理用药 |
| DOI：doi:10.13407/j.cnki.jpp.1672-108X.2022.01.015 |
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| 基金项目: |
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| Epidemic Characteristics and Drug Resistance of Haemophilus Influenzae in Children from Huizhou |
| Wang Chunye, Li Wenbin, Huang Xuexia, Kuang Yanlan |
| (Maternity and Child Healthy Care and Birth Control Service Center of Huizhou, Guangdong Huizhou 516007, China) |
| Abstract: |
| [Abstract] Objective: To probe into the distribution characteristics and drug resistance of Haemophilus influenzae in children from Huizhou, so as to provide reference for rational clinical drug use. Methods: The distribution of 475 strains of H. influenzae in Maternity and Child Healthy Care and Birth Control Service Center of Huizhou from Jan. 2017 to Mar. 2019 was analyzed retrospectively, and drug sensitivity test was performed by K-B method. Results: The infection rate of H. influenzae was 98.31% in pediatric patients. The main types of specimens were sputum, accounting for 97.89%. Different from previous reports, the epidemic time was mainly concentrated from Mar. to Jun. each year. The drug resistance rate of H. influenzae to ampicillin and cefuroxime increased year by year, from 58.15% and 33.70% in 2017 to 78.57% and 62.50% in the first quarter of 2019 (P<0.05). The drug resistance rate of H. influenzae to ceftriaxone increased year by year, from 5.43% in 2017 to 19.64% in 2019 (P<0.05). The drug resistance rate to compound sulfamethoxazole was relatively high, yet there was a downward trend. The sensitivity to meropenem and levofloxacin was relatively high. Conclusion: According to the epidemic time of H. influenzae, the pathogenic bacteria infection in children can be diagnosed more empirically, and the drug resistance analysis of H. influenzae could better guide the rational use of drugs in clinical practice. |
| Key words: Haemophilus influenzae drug resistance rational drug use |
