| 摘要: |
| 目的:分析误服化学品住院患儿的临床特征,并提出相应预防建议。方法:对重庆医科大学附属儿童医院2023 年149 例
误服化学品住院患儿的临床资料进行回顾性分析。结果:149 例误服化学品住院患儿中有128 例致儿童中毒。149 例患儿中,
男42 例,女107 例;年龄0. 35~16. 20 岁,其中>12 岁患儿99 例(66. 44%);来自城市的患儿107 例(71. 81%);误服化学品主要
为药物(主要是神经系统用药),其次为农药、鼠药;意外误服64 例(42. 95%),故意服用85 例(57. 05%),其中≤6 岁患儿以意
外误服为主,>12 岁患儿以故意服用为主,故意服用案例中以女童为主。城市和农村患儿误服化学品分布有显著差异,城市患
儿以药物为主,占比为78. 50%,而农村患儿中农药误服所占比例较高。多数患儿误服后在1~4 h 内送医诊治,平均住院时间
5. 77 d。结论:应加强儿童相关化学品特别是药物的使用及防范宣教工作,关注青春期儿童身心健康,进一步减少儿童误服及
中毒的发生,保障儿童安全。 |
| 关键词: 误服 化学品 中毒 临床特征 儿童 |
| DOI：10.13407/j.cnki.jpp.1672-108X.2025.06.006 |
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| 基金项目: |
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| Clinical Characteristics of 149 Hospitalized Children with Accidental Ingestion of Chemicals |
| Liu Qin, Zhang Jie |
| (Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and
Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Structural Birth Defect
and Reconstruction, Chongqing 400014, China) |
| Abstract: |
| Objective: To analyze the clinical characteristics of hospitalized children with accidental ingestion of chemicals, and put
forward corresponding preventive suggestions. Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed on clinical data of 149 hospitalized
children who were diagnosed with accidental ingestion of chemicals in the Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University from Jan.
to Dec. 2023. Results: Among 149 hospitalized children with accidental ingestion of chemicals, 128 cases were poisoned. Of the 149
children, 42 cases were male and 107 were female, aged from 0. 35 to 16. 20 years, including 99 cases (66. 44%) >12 years, and 107
cases (71. 81%) from urban areas. The main chemicals ingested by mistake were drugs (mainly for the nervous system), followed by
pesticides and rat poison. There were 64 cases (42. 95%) of accidental ingestion and 85 cases (57. 05%) of intentional ingestion.
Among them, accidental ingestion was predominant in children aged ⩽6 years, and intentional ingestion was predominant in children >12
years. Among the cases of intentional ingestion, girls were the majority. There were significant differences in the distribution of chemical
ingestion between urban and rural children. Among urban children, drugs were the main types, accounting for 78. 50%, while the
proportion of pesticide ingestion among rural children was relatively high. Most children were sent to the hospital for diagnosis and
treatment within 1 to 4 h after accidental ingestion, and the average length of stay was 5. 77 d. Conclusion: It is necessary to strengthen
the publicity and education on the use and prevention of chemicals, especially drugs related to children, pay attention to the physical and
mental health during puberty, further reduce accidental ingestion and poisoning incidents to ensure the safety in children. |
| Key words: accidental ingestion chemicals poisoning clinical characteristics children |
