| 摘要: |
| 目的:探讨急性淋巴细胞白血病患儿环磷酰胺(CTX)过敏的临床表现特点及脱敏方法。 方法:分析 2 例急性淋细胞白血 病患儿应用 CTX 过敏的临床表现、处理措施,并进行文献复习。 结果:患儿 1 为 6 岁女童,于第 6 次 CTX 治疗后出现胸闷、憋 气,予面罩吸氧、地塞米松 5 mg,症状消失,后通过我院 CTX 分步输注成功脱敏。 患儿 2 为 9 岁男童,于第 2 次 CTX 治疗后出现 过敏表现。 立即停止药物输注,并给予面罩吸氧、心电监护、肌注肾上腺素 0. 25 mL,静脉推注地塞米松 5 mg,口服氯雷他定糖 浆,患儿症状均消失,以 CTX 分步输注成功脱敏。 结论:儿童急性淋巴细胞白血病 CTX 过敏多起病急,尽早处理过敏反应并选 择合适的脱敏疗法是获得良好预后的关键。 |
| 关键词: 急性淋巴细胞白血病 环磷酰胺 过敏反应 脱敏疗法 |
| DOI：10.13407/j.cnki.jpp.1672-108X.2025.09.015 |
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| 基金项目: |
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| Treatment for Two Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Children with Severe Allergic Reactions Induced by Cyclophosphamide Chemotherapy |
| Li Zicong, Sun Yan, Jiang Jian, Wang Cheng, Wang Lingzhen |
| (The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Shandong Qingdao 266555, China) |
| Abstract: |
| Objective: To probe into the clinical characteristics and desensitization strategies for allergic reactions of cyclophosphamide (CTX) in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Methods: Clinical manifestations and treatment for allergic reactions of CTX in two children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia were analyzed, and the literature were reviewed. Results: A 6-year-old girl developed chest tightness and dyspnea during the sixth CTX treatment. Symptoms were resolved after mask oxygen therapy and intravenous dexamethasone of 5 mg. Subsequent desensitization was achieved via a graded CTX infusion protocol. A 9-year-old boy developed allergic reactions during the second CTX treatment. Immediate interventions included drug discontinuation, mask oxygen, cardiac monitoring, intramuscular epinephrine of 0. 25 mL, intravenous dexamethasone of 5 mg, and oral loratadine syrup. Symptoms were resolved and subsequent desensitization was achieved via a graded CTX infusion protocol. Conclusion: Allergic reactions of CTX in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia typically presents with acute onset. Prompt allergic reaction management and tailored desensitization protocols are critical for optimal outcomes. |
| Key words: ]acute lymphoblastic leukemia cyclophosphamide allergic reactions allergy |
