| 摘要: |
| 抗癫痫药物（AEDs）是治疗癫痫的主要药物，现有27种抗癫痫药物，这使得治疗药物监测（TDM）的应用越来越广泛，同时，抗癫痫药物也是进行TDM最常见的药物。第一代抗癫痫药物卡马西平、苯巴比妥、苯妥英钠、乙琥胺、扑米酮、丙戊酸在TDM方面积累了很多经验，现在TDM将更多地应用于新的抗癫痫药物如醋酸艾司利卡西平、非氨酯、加巴喷丁、拉科酰胺、拉莫三嗪、左乙拉西坦、奥卡西平、吡仑帕奈、哌拉西坦、普瑞巴林、瑞替加滨、卢非酰胺、司替戊醇、噻加宾、托吡酯、氨己烯酸和唑尼沙胺。本文通过对样本类型、样本的采集和处理、参考范围的概念进行综述，旨在为儿童抗癫痫用药的药物监测提供依据。 |
| 关键词: 抗癫痫药物 治疗药物监测 药物代谢动力学 药物相互作用 唾液 |
| DOI：doi:10.13407/j.cnki.jpp.1672-108X.2016.03.004 |
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| 基金项目: |
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| Pediatric Antiepileptic Drug Thera- peutic Drug monitoring |
| Philip N. Patsalos |
| (1. Epilepsy Society, Therapeutic Drug Monitoring Unit, Chalfont Centre for Epilepsy, Chalfont St Peter; 2. Department of Clinical and Experimental Epilepsy, UCL-Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, UK) |
| Abstract: |
| Antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) are the mainstay of epilepsy treatment and there are now 27 licensed AEDs in total for the treatment of patients with epilepsy. This has led to an increasingly widespread application of therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) making AEDs among the most common medications for which TDM is performed. For the older first generation AEDs (carbamazepine, ethosuximide, phenobarbital, phenytoin, primidone and valproic acid) much data has accumulated in this regard. However, increasingly this is occurring for the new AEDs (eslicarbazepine acetate, felbamate, gabapentin, lacosamide, lamotrigine, levetiracetam, oxcarbazepine, perampanel, piracetam, pregabalin, retigabine, rufinamide, stiripentol, tiagabine, topiramate, vigabatrin and zonisamide). The aim of the present paper is to provide an overview of the indications for AED TDM in children. Practical issues such as choice of sample type, sample collection and processing and the concept of the reference range are discussed. |
| Key words: antiepileptic drugs therapeutic drug monitoring pharmacokinetics drug-drug interactions saliva |
