| 摘要: |
| 目的:探讨新生儿重症监护室(NICU)院内感染的途径及影响因素,为防控NICU 患儿院内感染提供参考。方法:对2012-2014年我院NICU发生院内感染的131例患儿的资料进行回顾性分析,内容包括一般资料(如妊娠周数、入院体质量、住院时间)、侵入性管理、感染部位及菌种等。应用SPSS 软件,采用单因素和多因素Logistic回归分析方法,分析NICU院内感染的影响因素和危险因素。结果:我院NICU院内感染发生率为8郾7%(131/1 503)。131例NICU院内感染患儿中,呼吸系统感染比例最大(35.9%),其次为原发性血流感染、泌尿系统感染等;呼吸系统感染患儿均使用了呼吸器,44.4%(8/18) 的泌尿系统感染患儿使用了导尿管;感染菌中,耐苯唑西林金黄色葡萄球菌比例最大(32.1%),其次是铜绿假单胞菌、肺炎克雷伯菌等。妊娠周数、住院时间、入院体质量、使用呼吸机、静脉全营养、导尿管留置、喂养耐受情况是NICU院内感染的影响因素(P<0.05),其中,住院时间>5 d、入院体质量≤2.5 kg、使用呼吸机、喂养不耐受是NICU感染的独立危险因素(P<0.05)。结论:NICU院内感染的影响因素很多,减少侵入性操作、缩短住院时间、提高喂养耐受性、合理使用抗菌药物以及采取有效的护理措施,能降低NICU院内感染的发生率。 |
| 关键词: 新生儿 重症监护室 院内感染 危险因素 Logistic回归分析 |
| DOI：10.13407/j.cnki.jpp.1672-108X.2017.08.005 |
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| 基金项目: |
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| Retrospective Analysis of 131 Children Nosocomial Infection in Neonatal Intensive Care Unit of 2012 to 2014 |
| Wang Ying |
| (The Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Inner Mongolia Hohhot 010059, China) |
| Abstract: |
| Objective: To investigate the pathway and factors of nosocomial infection of children in neonatal intensive care units (NICU), provide reference for prevention and control. Methods: The data of 74 children with nosocomial infection from 2012 to 2014 in NICU were retrospectively analyzed. The weeks of pregnancy, admission weight, length of stay, invasive management, the site of infection and bacteria were analyzed. To analyzed the infection factors and risk by the one-way ANOVA and Logistic regression analysis. Results: The incidence of nosocomial infection in NICU was 8.7%. The highest incidence was respiratory system infection (35.9%), followed by primary bloodstream infection and urinary system infection. The children with respiratory system infection were used ventilator, 44.4% of children with urinary system infection were used catheter. In all the pathogenic bacteria, the highest proportion was oxacilin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (32.1%), the next were Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Klebsiella pneumonia. The factors affecting infection in NICU included the weeks of pregnancy, length of stay, admission weight, using of ventilator, total nutrient admixture, indwelling of catheter, feeding intolerance. The length of stay≥5 days, admission weight≤2.5 kg, using of ventilator, feeding intolerance were the independent risk factors. Conclusion: There are many factors affecting the NICU nosocomial infection, reducing invasive procedures and hospitalization time, improving feeding tolerance, rational use of antimicrobial drugs and effective treatment measures can effectively reduce the NICU nosocomial infections rate. |
| Key words: neonate intensive care unit nosocomial infection risk factor Logistic regression analysis |
