| 摘要: |
| 目的:分析儿童药品不良反应(ADR)发生的特点及一般规律,为临床合理用药提供参考。方法:收集2015年某儿童医院ADR监测管理系统中心报告的267例ADR,对患儿性别、年龄、引起ADR药品种类、给药途径、剂型、累及系统、主要临床表现、原患疾病及新的/严重的ADR等情况进行统计分析。结果:267例ADR中,新的/严重的ADR 38例(14.23%);发生ADR的患儿男女比例为1.24∶1,0~3岁患儿占50.19%(134/267);给药途径以静脉滴注为主(82.77%);共涉及药物类别排名前3位的为抗感染药物(61.42%)、中药注射剂(7.49%)、平喘药物(4.12%);累及系统最常见的为皮肤及其附件(46.44%),其次为胃肠道(30.71%)、全身性损害(11.99%)。结论:应加强对儿童尤其0~3岁患儿的用药监护,规范抗感染药物、中药注射剂、平喘药物等在儿科临床的使用,重视ADR监测及药物咨询等工作,避免或减少严重ADR的发生。 |
| 关键词: 儿童 不良反应 合理用药 |
| DOI：10.13407/j.cnki.jpp.1672-108X.2017.06.016 |
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| 基金项目: |
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| Analysis on 267 Cases Adverse Drug Reactions from One Children's Hospital in 2015 |
| Hong Rong1 , Shi Xiaohao2 , Lyu Dong1 , Chen Yanhua1 , Hong Yuan1 |
| (1. Wuxi Children's Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Wuxi 214023, China; 2. The First People's Hospital of Yumen, Gangsu Jiuquan 735211, China) |
| Abstract: |
| Objective: To investigate the characteristics and rules of the adverse drug reactions (ADR) in a children's hospital, and provide references for clinical rational drug use. Methods: A total of 267 ADR reports from the ADR monitoring center of one children's hospital in 2015 were collected. The data about children爷s age and gender, categories of drugs caused ADR, route of administration, drug dosage forms, involving systems, clinical manifestations, original disease and new/serious adverse reactions were analyzed. Results: There were 38 new/serious ADR cases (14.23%) among the 267 ADR reports. The male to female ratio was 1.24∶1, and the main route of administration was intravenous drip (82.77%). Zero to three years old children had higher incidence of ADR (50.19%). Among the 16 involved drug classes, the top 3 drug classes were anti-infective drugs (61.42%), traditional Chinese medicine injections (7.49%) and antiasthmatic drugs (4.12%). The most common clinical manifestations of involving systems were skin and its appendages damage (46.44%), stomach and intestinal system injured (30.71%) and systemic lesions (11.99%). Conclusion: To avoid or reduce the incidence of serious ADR, we should strengthen administration monitoring of children (especially children with 0 to 3 years old), regulate the use of anti-infective drugs, traditional Chinese medicine injections, antiasthmatic drugs, etc. in clinical use, and attach importance to ADR monitoring, drug consultation, etc. |
| Key words: children adverse drug reactions rational drug use |
