| 摘要: |
| 目的:回顾性分析北京儿童医院泌尿系感染的住院患儿病原菌分布特征及耐药情况,为临床合理应用抗菌药物提供科学依据。方法:选取我院2016年1月至2016年12月119例泌尿系感染住院患儿的中段尿样本进行细菌鉴定和药敏试验。结果:119例样本中共分离出阳性菌株74例,阳性检出率为62.2%,其中屎肠球菌30株(40.5%)占首位,其次为大肠埃希菌15株(20.3%)、肺炎克雷伯杆菌6株(8.1%)和铜绿假单胞菌6株(8.1%)。药敏试验结果显示,大肠埃希菌、肺炎克雷伯菌产超广谱β-内酰胺酶检出率为53.3%(8/15)、33.3%(2/6)。屎肠球菌对万古霉素、替加环素全部敏感,大肠埃希菌对碳青霉烯类及呋喃妥因全部敏感。临床经验性用药中拉氧头孢用量最大,其次是头孢曲松、头孢哌酮/舒巴坦和美罗培南。结论:泌尿系感染住院患儿以屎肠球菌、大肠埃希菌为主,及时监测病原菌的种类分布及药物敏感性特征,选择合适的抗生素,对控制泌尿系统感染有重要意义。 |
| 关键词: 儿童 泌尿系感染 病原菌 耐药性 抗菌药物 |
| DOI：10.13407/j.cnki.jpp.1672-108X.2018.10.014 |
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| 基金项目: |
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| Pathogenic Bacteria and Drug Resistance in 119 Inpatients with Urinary Tract Infection |
| Zhao Yiming, Liu Xiaorong, Wang Xiaoling, Fan Jianfeng, Ling Chen, Chen Zhi, Meng Qun |
| (Beijing Children's Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing 100045, China) |
| Abstract: |
| Objective: To retrospectively analyze the distribution characteristics and drug resistance of pathogenic bacteria in hospitalized children with urinary tract infection in Beijing Children's Hospital, so as to provide scientific basis for clinical rational
application of antibiotics. Methods: A total of 119 hospitalized children with urinary tract infection were collected from Jan. 2016 to Dec. 2016 to perform bacterial identification and susceptibility test. Results: There are 74 strains of gram-positive bacilli were isolated from 119 copies of specimens with the positive rate of 62.2%, among which 30 strains (40.5%) of Enterococcus faecium took the lead,followed by 15 strains (20.3%) of Escherichia coli, 6 strains (8.1%) of Klebsiella pneumo and 6 strains (8.1%) of pseudomonas aeruginosa. The results of drug susceptibility test showed that the detection rate of extended-spectrum β-lactamase produced by Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae was 53.3% (8/15) and 33.3% (2/6). Enterococcus faecium was sensitive to vancomycin and tigecycline, and Escherichia coli was sensitive to carbapenem and nitrofurantoin. The clinical use of the drug was the highest in the amount of cephalosporin, followed by ceftriaxone, cefoperazone/sulbactam and meropenem. Conclusion: Enterococcus faecium and Escherichia coli are main pathogenic bacterium in the hospitalized children with urinary tract infection. In order to control the disease, it is important to monitor the distribution of pathogenic bacteria and the characteristics of drug sensitivity and select appropriate antibiotics. |
| Key words: children urinary tract infection pathogen drug resistance antibiotics |
