| 摘要: |
| 目的:分析西安市儿童医院急性淋巴细胞白血病CAML 化疗方案相关药物不良反应(ADR) 的特征,为儿童安全用药提供参考。方法:收集西安市儿童医院2021 年1 月至2025 年5 月上报至国家药品不良反应监测系统的ADR 报告135 例,回顾性分析患儿的基本资料、ADR 严重程度、临床表现等。结果:135 例ADR 报告中,一般118 例,严重17 例。男96 例(71. 1%),女39例(28. 9%),年龄2~15(6. 9±3. 5)岁,阿糖胞苷相关ADR 最多(80 例)。135 例报告累及胃肠道系统最多(51. 1%),皮肤和皮下组织(16. 3%)。以“呕吐”为临床表现的ADR 报告最多(43. 7%),且环磷酰胺所致呕吐大多发生在给药后24 h 内。结论:儿科患者接受CAML 方案化疗初期应重点预防和处理呕吐、过敏等ADR,化疗后期应密切关注凝血功能和急性胰腺炎的发生风险。对ADR 发生率较高的药物阿糖胞苷应特别关注,以促进急性淋巴细胞白血病患儿临床用药安全。 |
| 关键词: 急性淋巴细胞白血病 药物不良反应 用药安全 儿童 |
| DOI：doi:10.13407/j.cnki.jpp.1672-108X.2026.04.014 |
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| 基金项目:西安市儿童医院一般项目,编号2024105。 |
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| Analysis on Adverse Drug Reactions of CAML Chemotherapy in Children with Acute LymphoblasticLeukemia |
| Zhang Wenwen1, Liu Zhuo1, Luo Bin2, Mi Jie1, Li Yuan1 |
| ((1. Xi’an Children’s Hospital, Xi’an 710003, China; 2. the Second Affiliated Hospital of Air Force Military Medical University, Xi’an 710038, China)) |
| Abstract: |
| Objective: To analyze characteristics of adverse drug reactions (ADR) related to CAML chemotherapy in Xi’an Children’s
Hospital, and to provide reference for safe medication in children. Methods: Retrospective analysis was performed on 135 ADR reports
submitted to the national ADR monitoring system (from Jan. 2021 to May 2025), covering the general data, ADR severity, and clinical
manifestations. Results: Among the 135 ADR reports, 118 were general and 17 were severe cases. There were 96 males (71. 1%) and
39 females (28. 9%), with ages ranging from 2 to 15 (6. 9 ± 3. 5) years, the most common ADR related to cytarabine was 80 cases.
Gastrointestinal reactions were predominant (51. 1%), followed by diseases of the skin and subcutaneous tissues (16. 3%). Vomiting
was the most common symptom (43. 7%), cyclophosphamide-induced vomiting mostly occurred within 24 h after administration.
Conclusion: The prevention and treatment of vomiting and allergic reactions should be emphasized in the early stage of CAML
chemotherapy in children, and the risk of coagulation and acute pancreatitis should be paid close attention to in the late stage of
chemotherapy. Particular attention should be given to drugs with a high incidence of ADR, such as cytarabine, to promote the safe and
rational clinical medication in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia. |
| Key words: acute lymphoblastic leukemia adverse drug reaction medication safety children |
