| 摘要: |
| 目的:通过横断面调查,了解基于儿童群体雾化吸入抗感染药物的现状,分析临床实践中需要进一步规范和完善的要 点,持续改进临床诊疗工作质量。 方法:成立临床药师、临床医师等组成的多学科合作模式研究小组。 采用问卷星平台进行网 络调查,调查由临床医师和临床药师在专业群体中发放。 调研时间为 2023 年 1-12 月。 调查问卷共涉及 4 个部分:(1)受访者 基本信息;(2)抗感染药物(抗病毒、抗细菌、抗真菌药物)雾化基础信息;(3)抗感染药物一般使用情况;(4)机械通气支持下抗 感染药物使用情况。 结果:共纳入儿童抗感染药物雾化治疗经验问卷 184 份。 受访者中 63. 0%接受过雾化治疗相关培训, 65. 8%的医疗机构制定了雾化操作标准操作规程,90. 2%受访者知晓相关超说明书用药,但仅 50. 5%会在治疗前取得书面知情 同意。 70. 7%受访者表示使用过抗病毒药物雾化,39. 7%使用过抗细菌药物,22. 8%受访者使用过抗真菌药物雾化。 27. 7%受 访者具有呼吸机支持下雾化使用的经验,但仅 12 例受访者接受过相关培训。 结论:在儿童患者中使用抗感染药物雾化有一定 的普遍性,儿童患者中雾化抗感染药物的循证证据非常有限,绝大多数情况都属于超说明书用药。 相关临床研究、培训和规范 亟需进一步加强。 用于雾化的专用剂型也有待于进一步研发。 |
| 关键词: 雾化吸入 儿童 抗菌药物管理 呼吸机相关肺炎 抗感染药物 |
| DOI：10.13407/j.cnki.jpp.1672-108X.2026.03.002 |
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| 基金项目:苏州市科技发展计划,编号 SKYXD2022025。 |
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| Current Status of Anti-Infective Drugs for Nebulization Therapy in Children: a Cross-Sectional Survey in 30 Provinces of China |
| Zhou Mi, Lu Yanhong, Hao Chuangli, Huang Hongjuan, Huang Lili, Yang Mengjie |
| (Children’ s Hospital of Soochow Universtiy, Jiangsu Suzhou 215000, China) |
| Abstract: |
| Objective: To investigate the current status of anti-infective drugs for nebulization therapy in children through a cross- sectional survey and analyze the key points that require further standardization and improvement in clinical practice, so as to improve clinical treatment procedures. Methods: A multidisciplinary research group composed of clinical pharmacists and clinicians was established. An online survey using the web platform (WJX) was conducted, questionnaires were distributed among professional groups by clinical clinicians and pharmacists. The research period was from Jan. to Dec. 2023. The questionnaires consisted of four parts: (1) basic information of the respondents; (2) basic information about anti-infective drugs for nebulization therapy (anti-viral, anti-bacterial, and anti-fungal drugs); ( 3) general application of anti-infective drugs; ( 4) application of anti-infective drugs under mechanical ventilation support. Results: A total of 184 questionnaires on the experience of anti-infective drugs for nebulization therapy in children were included. Of the respondents, 63. 0% of the respondents had received training related to nebulization therapy, 65. 8% of medical institutions established standard operating procedures for nebulization, 90. 2% of the respondents were aware of off-label drug use, but only 50. 5% of the respondents obtained written informed consent before treatment. Totally 70. 7% of the respondents reported using nebulization of antiviral drugs, 39. 7% of respondents used antibacterial drugs, and 22. 8% of respondents used antifungal drugs. Totally 27. 7% of the respondents had experience using nebulization with the support of ventilators, but only 12 respondents have received relevant training. Conclusion: The use of anti-infective drugs for nebulization in pediatric patients is common. However, the evidence- based use of anti-infective drugs for nebulization therapy in children is limited, and the vast majority of cases are off-label use. Further strengthening of relevant clinical research, training, and standardization is urgently needed. The specialized dosage form for nebulization also needs further research and development. |
| Key words: nebulization children antibacterial stewardship ventilator-associated pneumonia anti-infective drugs |
