| 摘要: |
| 目的:了解近几年某儿童医院儿童药品不良反应(ADR) 发生的特点及规律,为药品的合理、安全使用及减少不良反应提供依据和参考。方法:采用回顾性分析的方法,收集2014-2016年某儿童专科医院的ADR报告共414份。对患儿的性别、年龄、可疑的药物、给药途径、剂型、累及系统/器官、关联性评价及转归等情况进行统计分析。结果:414例儿童ADR中,男女比例2:1,年龄(3.09±0.11)岁,1~3岁幼儿发生ADR最多(57.49%),4~7岁次之(31.88%),<1岁的婴儿ADR发生率远低于以上两个年龄段的儿童(6.76%);给药途径以静脉滴注为主(95.41%),共涉及药物类别12类,其中引起ADR排名前3位的药物类别分别是抗菌药物(46.16%)、中成药(30.77%)、抗病毒药(15.38%);414例ADR共累及多个系统/器官共计488例次,最常见的临床表现是皮肤及其附件损害共400例次(81.97%),其次为全身性损害和心血管系统一般损害各19例次(3.89%),胃肠系统损害16例次(3.28%)居第4位结论:应针对儿童用药风险多加防范,采取多种措施促进儿童合理、安全用药,尽量减少和避免ADR的发生。 |
| 关键词: 儿童 药品不良反应 分析 |
| DOI：doi:10.13407/j.cnki.jpp.1672-108X.2018.08.013 |
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| 基金项目: |
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| Four Hundreds and Fourteen Adverse Drug Reactions Reports from a Children's Hospital during 2014-2016 |
| Li Yan, Chen Haiyan, Liu Qiang |
| (Children's Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Henan Children's Hospital, Zhengzhou Children's Hospital, Henan Zhengzhou 450000, China) |
| Abstract: |
| Objective: To investigate the characteristics and regularities of adverse drug reactions (ADR) in a children’s hospital in recent years, so as to provide basis and reference for rational and safety medication and reduction of ADR. Methods: Retrospective method was adopted, totally 414 ADR reports were collected from a children’s hospital during 2014 to 2016. Statistical analysis was conducted on children’s gender, age, suspicious drugs, route of administration, dosage form, systems and organs involved in ADR, relevance evaluation and prognosis. Results: Among the 414 ADR reports, the gender ratio of male to female was 2:1, the age was (33.09±0.11) years old. The incidence of ADR was the highest in children of 1 to 3 years old (57.49%), the age group of 4 to 7 years was lower (31.88%), the incidence of neonate group was much lower than those of the other two groups (6.76%). Intravenous drip administration was the main route (95.41%), involving 12 categories of drugs, among them, the top 3 drug categories that caused ADR were respectively antibiotics (46.16%), Chinese patent medicine (30.77%) and antiviral drugs (15.38%). Four hundreds and fourteen cases of ADR involved multiple systems and organs, totally 488 frequencies; the clinical manifestations were mainly performed as skin and its accessories damage (400 frequencies, 81.97%), followed by systemic damage and cardiovascular system generally damage (19 frequencies, 3.89%, respectively); and gastrointestinal system damage (16 frequencies, 3.28%) dominated the forth place. Conclusion: More precautions should be taken against children’s medication risks, and various measures should be taken to promote children’s rational and safe medication, so as to minimize and avoid the occurrence of ADR. |
| Key words: children adverse drug reactions analysis |
